This study focuses on designing and manufacturing a new control system for an industrial pneumatic robotic arm, specifically to meet the practical training needs of students in the field of mechatronics. The primary objective of this research is to build an "open" control system, allowing learners to freely connect input and output signals to program the robotic arm according to specific operational requirements. This design enhances students' autonomy and understanding of control systems. It supports flexible and easy adjustments to the robot’s operation, helping students gain a stronger grasp of robotic arm control and operation in a real industrial setting. The research methodology consists of three main steps. First, the study applies a programmable logic controller (PLC) as the system’s foundation. The PLC was chosen for its flexibility and practical relevance, making it easier for students to engage with industrial applications. Second, the study explores the structure of the pneumatic drive system, control factors, and necessary conditions for stable operation in the robotic arm’s pneumatic system. Finally, the research identifies the essential actuators and piston position sensors to ensure effective operation of the robotic arm. The findings demonstrate that the new control system, developed using PLC technology, can flexibly meet practical training requirements and holds great potential for application in technical education. This system not only fulfills basic control needs but also provides extended functionality, allowing students to easily modify the system to practice programming skills for controlling pneumatic robotic arms. As a result, it lays a solid foundation for training in the field of mechatronics.